Station 46015 (LLNR 590) - PORT ORFORD - 15 NM West of Port Orford, OR Image indicating link to RSS feed of recent meteorological observations for station 46015


Conditions at 46015 as of
(4:30 pm PDT)
2330 GMT on 05/20/2026:
     

Click on the graph icon in the table below to see a time series plot of the last five days of that observation.

5-day plot - Wind Direction Wind Direction (WDIR): N ( 10 deg true )
5-day plot - Wind Speed Wind Speed (WSPD): 23.3 kts
5-day plot - Wind Gust Wind Gust (GST): 27.2 kts
5-day plot - Atmospheric Pressure Atmospheric Pressure (PRES):30.14 in
5-day plot - Air Temperature Air Temperature (ATMP): 52.7 °F
5-day plot - Water Temperature Water Temperature (WTMP): 50.9 °F
5-day plot - Wind Chill Wind Chill (CHILL): 46.0 °F
5-day plot - Wind Speed at 10 Meters Wind Speed at 10 meters (WSPD10M): 25.3 kts
5-day plot - Wind Speed at 20 Meters Wind Speed at 20 meters (WSPD20M): 27.2 kts
5-day plot -  Wind Speed, Wind Gust and Atmospheric Pressure Combined plot of Wind Speed, Gust, and Air Pressure
Supplemental Measurements
Lowest 1-minute Pressure
Time (PDT)Pressure
4:28 pm30.13 in
Highest 1-minute Wind Speed
Time (PDT)5-day plot - 1-Minute Wind Speed WSPD 5-day plot - 1-Minute Wind Direction WDIR
4:24 pm 23.3 kts N ( 10 deg true )
Previous observations
TIME
(PDT)
5-day plot - Wind Direction
WDIR
 
5-day plot - Wind Speed
WSPD
kts
5-day plot - Wind Gust
GST
kts
5-day plot - Wave Height
WVHT
ft
5-day plot - Dominant Wave Period
DPD
sec
5-day plot - Average Wave Period
APD
sec
5-day plot - Mean Wave Direction
MWD
 
5-day plot - Atmospheric Pressure
PRES
in
5-day plot - Pressure Tendency
PTDY
in
5-day plot - Air Temperature
ATMP
°F
5-day plot - Water Temperature
WTMP
°F
5-day plot - Dew Point
DEWP
°F
5-day plot - Salinity
SAL
psu
5-day plot - Visibility
VIS
nmi
5-day plot - Tide (above MLLW)
TIDE
ft
2026-05-20 04:20 pm N 21.4 29.1 8.5 125.9 W30.14- 52.9 50.7----
2026-05-20 04:10 pm N 23.3 27.2 8.5-5.9 W30.14- 52.9 50.7----
2026-05-20 04:00 pm N 23.3 31.1----30.14-0.02 52.9 51.1----
2026-05-20 03:50 pm N 23.3 29.1 7.5 115.4 W30.14- 52.9 51.3----
2026-05-20 03:40 pm N 25.3 31.1----30.15- 53.1 51.3----
2026-05-20 03:30 pm N 25.3 29.1----30.14- 53.1 51.4----
2026-05-20 03:20 pm N 23.3 29.1 8.5-5.7WNW30.15-- 51.4----
2026-05-20 03:10 pm N 23.3 29.1 8.5-5.7WNW30.15- 53.1 51.4----
2026-05-20 03:00 pm N 25.3 31.1----30.15-0.03 53.1 51.4----
2026-05-20 02:50 pm N 25.3 31.1 6.6 74.4NNW30.15- 53.2 51.3----
2026-05-20 02:40 pm N 25.3 31.1----30.15- 53.1 51.4----
2026-05-20 02:30 pm N 25.3 33.0----30.15- 53.1 51.4----
2026-05-20 02:20 pm N 25.3 31.1 7.5 125.5WNW30.15- 53.1 51.4----
2026-05-20 02:10 pm N 25.3 29.1 7.5-5.5WNW30.15- 53.1 51.4----
2026-05-20 02:00 pm N 25.3 29.1----30.15-0.03 53.1 51.4----
2026-05-20 01:50 pm N 25.3 29.1 7.2 125.4 NW30.15- 52.9 51.4----
2026-05-20 01:40 pm N 23.3 27.2----30.16- 52.9 51.4----
2026-05-20 01:30 pm N 23.3 29.1----30.16- 52.9 51.4----
2026-05-20 01:20 pm N 23.3 29.1 7.2 125.5 NW30.16- 52.9 51.4----
2026-05-20 01:10 pm N 25.3 29.1 7.2-5.5 NW30.16- 52.9 51.6----
2026-05-20 01:00 pm N 25.3 31.1----30.16-0.02 52.9 51.6----
2026-05-20 12:50 pm N 25.3 31.1 7.2 125.5 W30.16- 52.9 51.8----
2026-05-20 12:40 pm N 25.3 29.1----30.16- 52.9 51.8----
2026-05-20 12:30 pm N 25.3 29.1----30.17- 52.9 51.8----
2026-05-20 12:20 pm N 23.3 29.1 6.9 125.5 NW30.17- 52.9 52.0----
2026-05-20 12:10 pm N 23.3 27.2 6.9-5.5 NW30.18- 52.9 52.2----
2026-05-20 12:00 pm N 21.4 25.3----30.18-0.01 52.7 52.2----
2026-05-20 11:50 am N 21.4 27.2 6.9 135.4 NW30.18- 52.7 52.3----
2026-05-20 11:40 am N 21.4 25.3 6.9-5.4 NW30.19- 52.7 52.2----
2026-05-20 11:30 am N 21.4 25.3----30.19- 52.7 52.2----
2026-05-20 11:20 am N 23.3 27.2 6.6 125.2NNW30.19- 52.9 52.2----
2026-05-20 11:10 am N 23.3 29.1 6.6-5.2NNW30.19- 52.7 52.3----
2026-05-20 11:00 am N 23.3 27.2----30.19+0.00 52.7 52.3----
2026-05-20 10:50 am N 21.4 25.3 7.2 125.6 NW30.19- 52.7 52.5----
2026-05-20 10:40 am N 21.4 27.2----30.19- 52.7 52.5----
2026-05-20 10:30 am N 23.3 27.2----30.19- 52.7 52.5----
2026-05-20 10:20 am N 23.3 27.2 7.2 135.4NNW30.18- 52.7 52.7----
2026-05-20 10:10 amNNE 23.3 27.2 7.2-5.4NNW30.19- 52.9 52.7----
2026-05-20 10:00 amNNE 23.3 27.2----30.18-0.01 52.9 52.7----
2026-05-20 09:50 am N 23.3 27.2 6.9 115.7 W30.19- 52.9 52.7----
2026-05-20 09:40 am N 21.4 25.3 6.9-5.7 W30.19- 52.9 52.7----
2026-05-20 09:30 am N 21.4 25.3----30.18- 52.9 52.7----
2026-05-20 09:20 am N 21.4 25.3 7.2 126.2NNW30.19- 52.9 52.7----
2026-05-20 09:10 amNNE 21.4 25.3 7.2-6.2NNW30.19- 52.7 52.7----
2026-05-20 09:00 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.19+0.00 52.7 52.5----
2026-05-20 08:50 amNNE 19.4 23.3 6.9 136.0 N30.19- 52.7 52.5----
2026-05-20 08:40 amNNE 19.4 23.3 6.9-6.0 N30.19- 52.7 52.3----
2026-05-20 08:30 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.19- 52.7 52.0----
2026-05-20 08:20 am N 19.4 23.3 7.2 126.0WNW30.19- 52.7 52.3----
2026-05-20 08:10 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.19- 52.7 52.2----
2026-05-20 08:00 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.19+0.00 52.7 52.3----
2026-05-20 07:50 amNNE 19.4 23.3 5.9 135.3NNW30.19- 52.7 52.2----
2026-05-20 07:40 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.19- 52.5 52.0----
2026-05-20 07:30 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.19- 52.5 51.8----
2026-05-20 07:20 amNNE 21.4 25.3 6.9 135.7WNW30.19- 52.5 51.8----
2026-05-20 07:10 am N 19.4 23.3----30.19- 52.7 52.7----
2026-05-20 07:00 am N 19.4 23.3----30.19+0.00 52.7 52.7----
2026-05-20 06:50 amNNE 21.4 25.3 7.2 115.6 W30.19- 52.5 52.7----
2026-05-20 06:40 amNNE 21.4 27.2----30.19- 52.7 52.7----
2026-05-20 06:30 amNNE 21.4 27.2----30.19- 52.5 52.7----
2026-05-20 06:20 am N 21.4 27.2 6.9 125.8 W30.19- 52.3 52.9----
2026-05-20 06:10 amNNE 19.4 23.3 6.9-5.8 W30.19- 52.5 52.9----
2026-05-20 06:00 amNNE 19.4 25.3----30.19+0.00 52.7 52.9----
2026-05-20 05:50 amNNE 19.4 25.3 7.5 126.3WNW30.19- 52.7 52.9----
2026-05-20 05:40 amNNE 21.4 25.3----30.20- 52.7 52.9----
2026-05-20 05:30 amNNE 19.4 25.3----30.19- 52.9 52.9----
2026-05-20 05:20 amNNE 21.4 27.2 7.2 125.8 NW30.19- 53.1 52.9----
2026-05-20 05:10 amNNE 21.4 25.3 7.2-5.8 NW30.19- 52.9 52.7----
2026-05-20 05:00 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.19+0.00 52.9 52.7----
2026-05-20 04:50 amNNE 19.4 25.3 7.2 125.8 NW30.20- 53.1 52.9----
2026-05-20 04:40 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.20- 53.1 52.7----
2026-05-20 04:30 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.20- 53.2 52.7----
2026-05-20 04:20 amNNE 21.4 25.3 7.5 136.2 NW30.20- 53.4 52.7----
2026-05-20 04:10 amNNE 21.4 25.3 7.5-6.2 NW30.20- 53.4 52.9----
2026-05-20 04:00 amNNE 21.4 25.3----30.20-0.02 53.4 52.9----
2026-05-20 03:50 amNNE 19.4 23.3 7.5 116.2WNW30.20- 53.4 52.9----
2026-05-20 03:40 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.20- 53.4 53.1----
2026-05-20 03:30 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.20- 53.4 53.1----
2026-05-20 03:20 amNNE 21.4 25.3 6.9 126.2 NW30.20- 53.4-----
2026-05-20 03:10 amNNE 21.4 25.3----30.20- 53.4 53.1----
2026-05-20 03:00 amNNE 21.4 25.3----30.20-0.01 53.4 53.1----
2026-05-20 02:50 amNNE 21.4 25.3 6.9-6.3 W30.19- 53.4 52.9----
2026-05-20 02:40 amNNE 21.4 25.3 6.9-6.3 W30.20- 53.2 52.9----
2026-05-20 02:30 amNNE 21.4 29.1----30.20- 53.4 52.9----
2026-05-20 02:20 amNNE 19.4 25.3 7.2 136.2WNW30.20- 53.4 52.9----
2026-05-20 02:10 amNNE 19.4 23.3 7.2-6.2WNW30.20- 53.8 52.9----
2026-05-20 02:00 amNNE 21.4 25.3----30.20-0.02 53.8 53.1----
2026-05-20 01:50 amNNE 23.3 27.2 7.5 136.3WNW30.20- 54.0 53.1----
2026-05-20 01:40 amNNE 23.3 27.2 7.5-6.3WNW30.20- 54.0 53.1----
2026-05-20 01:30 amNNE 19.4 23.3----30.20- 53.4 53.2----
2026-05-20 01:20 amNNE 19.4 23.3 6.9 125.7 NW30.21- 53.4 53.1----
2026-05-20 01:10 amNNE 19.4 23.3 6.9-5.7 NW30.21- 53.4 53.1----
2026-05-20 01:00 am N 19.4 23.3----30.21+0.00 53.4 53.1----
2026-05-20 12:50 amNNE 19.4 25.3 6.2 125.6 W30.21- 53.4 52.9----
2026-05-20 12:40 amNNE 21.4 25.3----30.21- 53.2 52.9----
2026-05-20 12:30 amNNE 23.3 27.2----30.21- 53.4 52.9----
2026-05-20 12:20 amNNE 23.3 27.2 6.6 125.8 N30.21- 53.4 53.1----
2026-05-20 12:10 amNNE 21.4 27.2 6.6-5.8 N30.21- 53.2 53.2----
2026-05-20 12:00 amNNE 21.4 25.3----30.21+0.01 53.4 53.2----
2026-05-19 11:50 pmNNE 21.4 25.3 6.2 135.4NNW30.21- 53.4-----
2026-05-19 11:40 pmNNE 21.4 27.2----30.22- 53.4 53.8----
2026-05-19 11:30 pmNNE 21.4 27.2----30.22- 53.6 53.8----
2026-05-19 11:20 pmNNE 21.4 27.2 6.9 115.7WNW30.22- 53.4 53.8----
2026-05-19 11:10 pmNNE 21.4 27.2----30.22- 53.4 53.8----
2026-05-19 11:00 pmNNE 23.3 27.2----30.22+0.01 53.4 53.8----
2026-05-19 10:50 pmNNE 23.3 27.2 6.9 136.0 N30.22- 53.8 53.8----
2026-05-19 10:40 pmNNE 21.4 27.2----30.22- 53.8 53.8----
2026-05-19 10:30 pmNNE 21.4 27.2----30.22- 54.0 54.0----
2026-05-19 10:20 pmNNE 21.4 27.2 7.2 136.4 NW30.22- 54.0 54.0----
2026-05-19 10:10 pmNNE 21.4 25.3 7.2-6.4 NW30.22- 54.0 54.0----
2026-05-19 10:00 pmNNE 21.4 25.3----30.21+0.02 53.8 53.8----
2026-05-19 09:50 pmNNE 21.4 25.3 6.9 145.8 W30.21- 53.6 53.8----
2026-05-19 09:40 pmNNE 21.4 27.2 6.9-5.8 W30.20- 53.6 53.8----
2026-05-19 09:30 pmNNE 23.3 27.2----30.21- 53.4 53.8----
2026-05-19 09:20 pmNNE 21.4 25.3 7.5 136.0 W30.21- 53.4 53.8----
2026-05-19 09:10 pmNNE 23.3 27.2 7.5-6.0 W30.20- 53.6 53.6----
2026-05-19 09:00 pmNNE 21.4 27.2----30.21-0.01 53.6 53.6----
2026-05-19 08:50 pmNNE 23.3 29.1 7.2 125.8 W30.20- 53.8 53.6----
2026-05-19 08:40 pm N 23.3 27.2----30.20- 53.8 53.6----
2026-05-19 08:30 pm N 23.3 29.1----30.20- 54.0 53.6----
2026-05-19 08:20 pm N 21.4 29.1 7.2 135.8WNW30.20- 54.0 53.6----
2026-05-19 08:10 pm N 21.4 25.3 7.2-5.8WNW30.20- 54.1 53.6----
2026-05-19 08:00 pmNNE 21.4 23.3----30.20+0.00 54.5 53.8----
2026-05-19 07:50 pmNNE 21.4 25.3 6.9 145.9WNW30.20- 54.5 53.8----
2026-05-19 07:40 pmNNE 21.4 25.3----30.20- 54.5 53.8----
2026-05-19 07:30 pmNNE 21.4 25.3----30.19- 54.3 54.1----
2026-05-19 07:20 pmNNE 21.4 27.2 6.9 135.9NNW30.20- 54.3 54.3----
2026-05-19 07:10 pm N 23.3 27.2 6.9-5.9NNW30.20- 54.3 54.3----
2026-05-19 07:00 pm N 21.4 27.2----30.19-0.03 54.5 54.7----
2026-05-19 06:50 pm N 19.4 25.3 7.5 136.2 W30.20- 54.7 54.7----
2026-05-19 06:40 pm N 17.5 21.4----30.21- 54.7 54.7----
2026-05-19 06:30 pm N 19.4 21.4----30.21- 54.9 54.7----
2026-05-19 06:20 pm N 19.4 23.3 6.6 136.1 W30.21- 54.9 54.7----
2026-05-19 06:10 pm N 19.4 23.3----30.21- 55.0 54.9----
2026-05-19 06:00 pm N 19.4 23.3----30.21-0.02 55.0 54.9----
2026-05-19 05:50 pm N 19.4 23.3 6.9 136.0NNW30.21- 55.0 54.5----
2026-05-19 05:40 pm N 19.4 23.3----30.21- 55.0 54.5----
2026-05-19 05:30 pm N 19.4 25.3----30.21- 55.2 54.7----
2026-05-19 05:20 pm N 19.4 23.3 5.9 135.7 W30.21- 55.2 54.7----
2026-05-19 05:10 pm N 21.4 23.3 5.9-5.7 W30.21- 55.2 54.7----
2026-05-19 05:00 pm N 21.4 25.3----30.21-0.04 55.0 54.7----
2026-05-19 04:50 pm N 21.4 25.3 6.9 136.2WNW30.21- 55.0 54.5----
2026-05-19 04:40 pm N 21.4 23.3----30.21- 55.0 54.5----
2026-05-19 04:30 pm N 19.4 23.3----30.22- 55.0 54.5----
2026-05-19 04:20 pm N 19.4 23.3 6.6 135.9NNW30.22- 55.0 54.5----
2026-05-19 04:10 pm N 19.4 23.3 6.6-5.9NNW30.22- 55.0 54.5----
2026-05-19 04:00 pm N 19.4 23.3----30.22-0.03 54.9 54.5----
2026-05-19 03:50 pm N 19.4 25.3 6.2 145.6 W30.22- 54.9 54.3----

Wave Summary
for 46015 as of (4:10 pm PDT)
2310 GMT on 05/20/2026:

These wave data are displayed in rounded times.

     

Click on the graph icon in the table below to see a time series plot of the last five days of that observation.

5-day plot - Significant Wave Height Significant Wave Height (WVHT): 8.5 ft
5-day plot - Swell Height Swell Height (SwH): 5.2 ft
5-day plot - Swell Period Swell Period (SwP): 12.1 sec
5-day plot - Swell Direction Swell Direction (SwD): W
5-day plot - Wind Wave Height Wind Wave Height (WWH): 6.9 ft
5-day plot - Wind Wave Period Wind Wave Period (WWP): 7.1 sec
5-day plot - Wind Wave Direction Wind Wave Direction (WWD):NNW
5-day plot - Wave Steepness Wave Steepness (STEEPNESS): AVERAGE
5-day plot - Average Wave Period Average Wave Period (APD): 5.9 sec
Previous observations
TIME
(PDT)
5-day plot - Wave Height
WVHT
ft
5-day plot - Swell Height
SwH
ft
5-day plot - Swell Period
SwP
sec
5-day plot - Swell Direction
SwD
 
5-day plot - Wind Wave Height
WWH
ft
5-day plot - Wind Wave Period
WWP
sec
5-day plot - Wind Wave Direction
WWD
 
5-day plot - Wave Steepness
STEEPNESS
 
5-day plot - Average Wave Period
APD
sec
2026-05-20 03:40 pm 7.5 4.9 11.4 W 5.6 6.7 NNW AVERAGE 5.4
2026-05-20 03:10 pm 8.5 5.6 12.1WNW 6.6 6.7 NNW AVERAGE 5.7
2026-05-20 02:40 pm 6.6 0.0-- 6.6 6.7 NNW STEEP 4.4
2026-05-20 02:10 pm 7.5 4.6 12.1WNW 5.9 7.1 NNW AVERAGE 5.5
2026-05-20 01:40 pm 7.2 4.3 12.1 NW 5.9 6.7 NNW AVERAGE 5.4
2026-05-20 01:10 pm 7.2 4.9 12.1 NW 5.2 5.9 NNW AVERAGE 5.5
2026-05-20 12:40 pm 7.2 4.9 12.1 W 5.2 6.7 NNW AVERAGE 5.5
2026-05-20 12:10 pm 6.9 5.2 12.1 NW 4.6 4.8 N SWELL 5.5
2026-05-20 11:40 am 6.9 4.9 12.9 NW 4.9 5.6 N SWELL 5.4
2026-05-20 11:10 am 6.6 4.3 12.1NNW 5.2 6.2 NNW AVERAGE 5.2
2026-05-20 10:40 am 7.2 4.9 12.1 NW 5.2 6.2 N AVERAGE 5.6
2026-05-20 10:10 am 7.2 4.6 12.9NNW 5.2 6.7 NNW AVERAGE 5.4
2026-05-20 09:40 am 6.9 4.9 10.8 W 4.6 6.7 NNW SWELL 5.7
2026-05-20 09:10 am 7.2 5.6 12.1NNW 4.6 6.2 NNW SWELL 6.2
2026-05-20 08:40 am 6.9 4.9 12.9 N 4.6 6.2 NNW SWELL 6.0
2026-05-20 08:10 am 7.2 4.9 12.1WNW 4.9 5.9 NNW SWELL 6.0
2026-05-20 07:40 am 5.9 3.3 12.9NNW 4.9 5.9 NNW AVERAGE 5.3
2026-05-20 07:10 am 6.9 4.9 12.9WNW 4.6 6.7 NNW SWELL 5.7
2026-05-20 06:40 am 7.2 5.2 11.4 W 4.9 5.9 NNW SWELL 5.6
2026-05-20 06:10 am 6.9 4.6 12.1 W 4.9 6.2 NNW AVERAGE 5.8
2026-05-20 05:40 am 7.5 5.9 12.1WNW 4.6 6.7 NW SWELL 6.3
2026-05-20 05:10 am 7.2 5.6 12.1 NW 4.6 6.2 NW SWELL 5.8
2026-05-20 04:40 am 7.2 4.6 12.1 NW 5.2 5.9 NNW AVERAGE 5.8
2026-05-20 04:10 am 7.5 5.2 12.9 NW 5.2 5.9 NNW SWELL 6.2
2026-05-20 03:40 am 7.5 5.2 11.4WNW 5.2 6.2 NNW SWELL 6.2
2026-05-20 03:10 am 6.9 5.2 12.1 NW 4.6 5.9 N SWELL 6.2
2026-05-20 02:40 am 6.9 5.6 12.1 W 4.3 6.2 NNW SWELL 6.3
2026-05-20 02:10 am 7.2 5.6 12.9WNW 4.3 5.9 NNW SWELL 6.2
2026-05-20 01:40 am 7.5 5.9 12.9WNW 4.6 6.2 NNW SWELL 6.3
2026-05-20 01:10 am 6.9 4.9 12.1 NW 4.6 5.0 N SWELL 5.7
2026-05-20 12:40 am 6.2 4.6 12.1 W 4.3 5.6 NNW SWELL 5.6
2026-05-20 12:10 am 6.6 4.9 12.1 N 4.3 5.6 N SWELL 5.8
2026-05-19 11:40 pm 6.2 4.6 12.9NNW 4.3 4.8 N SWELL 5.4
2026-05-19 11:10 pm 6.9 4.9 11.4WNW 4.6 5.0 N SWELL 5.7
2026-05-19 10:40 pm 6.9 5.6 12.9 N 4.3 4.8 N SWELL 6.0
2026-05-19 10:10 pm 7.2 6.2 12.9 NW 3.9 5.3 N SWELL 6.4
2026-05-19 09:40 pm 6.9 5.2 13.8 W 4.3 5.0 N SWELL 5.8
2026-05-19 09:10 pm 7.5 5.9 12.9 W 4.3 4.8 N SWELL 6.0
2026-05-19 08:40 pm 7.2 5.6 12.1 W 4.3 4.8 NNW SWELL 5.8
2026-05-19 08:10 pm 7.2 5.6 12.9WNW 4.3 4.5 NNW SWELL 5.8
2026-05-19 07:40 pm 6.9 5.6 13.8WNW 3.9 4.3 NNW SWELL 5.9
2026-05-19 07:10 pm 6.9 5.6 12.9NNW 3.9 4.5 NNW SWELL 5.9
2026-05-19 06:40 pm 7.5 6.2 12.9 W 3.9 4.3 NNW SWELL 6.2
2026-05-19 06:10 pm 6.6 5.6 12.9 W 3.6 4.2 NNW SWELL 6.1
2026-05-19 05:40 pm 6.9 5.6 12.9NNW 3.9 4.8 NNW SWELL 6.0
2026-05-19 05:10 pm 5.9 4.9 12.9 W 3.6 4.0 N SWELL 5.7
2026-05-19 04:40 pm 6.9 5.9 12.9WNW 3.6 4.2 NNW SWELL 6.2
2026-05-19 04:10 pm 6.6 5.2 12.9NNW 3.6 4.3 N SWELL 5.9

Plot icon Plot of wave energy versus frequency (and period)