Station 44011 (LLNR 825) - GEORGES BANK 170 NM East of Hyannis, MA Image indicating link to RSS feed of recent meteorological observations for station 44011


Conditions at 44011 as of
(12:40 pm ADT)
1540 GMT on 08/13/2026:
     

Click on the graph icon in the table below to see a time series plot of the last five days of that observation.

5-day plot - Wind Direction Wind Direction (WDIR): SW ( 230 deg true )
5-day plot - Wind Speed Wind Speed (WSPD): 5.8 kts
5-day plot - Wind Gust Wind Gust (GST): 7.8 kts
5-day plot - Atmospheric Pressure Atmospheric Pressure (PRES):29.86 in
5-day plot - Air Temperature Air Temperature (ATMP): 67.1 °F
5-day plot - Water Temperature Water Temperature (WTMP): 66.4 °F
5-day plot - Dew Point Dew Point (DEWP): 66.9 °F
5-day plot - Wind Speed at 10 Meters Wind Speed at 10 meters (WSPD10M): 7.8 kts
5-day plot - Wind Speed at 20 Meters Wind Speed at 20 meters (WSPD20M): 7.8 kts
5-day plot -  Wind Speed, Wind Gust and Atmospheric Pressure Combined plot of Wind Speed, Gust, and Air Pressure
Supplemental Measurements
Lowest 1-minute Pressure
Time (ADT)Pressure
12:40 pm29.86 in
Highest 1-minute Wind Speed
Time (ADT)5-day plot - 1-Minute Wind Speed WSPD 5-day plot - 1-Minute Wind Direction WDIR
12:40 pm 7.8 kts SW ( 220 deg true )
Previous observations
TIME
(ADT)
5-day plot - Wind Direction
WDIR
 
5-day plot - Wind Speed
WSPD
kts
5-day plot - Wind Gust
GST
kts
5-day plot - Wave Height
WVHT
ft
5-day plot - Dominant Wave Period
DPD
sec
5-day plot - Average Wave Period
APD
sec
5-day plot - Mean Wave Direction
MWD
 
5-day plot - Atmospheric Pressure
PRES
in
5-day plot - Pressure Tendency
PTDY
in
5-day plot - Air Temperature
ATMP
°F
5-day plot - Water Temperature
WTMP
°F
5-day plot - Dew Point
DEWP
°F
5-day plot - Salinity
SAL
psu
5-day plot - Visibility
VIS
nmi
5-day plot - Tide (above MLLW)
TIDE
ft
2026-08-13 12:30 pm SW 5.8 5.8----29.86- 67.1 66.4 66.9---
2026-08-13 12:20 pm SW 5.8 5.8 2.3 116.0 E29.86- 67.1 66.4 66.9---
2026-08-13 12:10 pmSSW 5.8 5.8 2.3-6.0 E29.86- 67.1 66.4 66.9---
2026-08-13 12:00 pm SW 5.8 7.8----29.87+0.00 67.1 65.8 66.9---
2026-08-13 11:50 am SW 5.8 7.8 2.3 116.3 E29.87- 67.1 65.8 66.9---
2026-08-13 11:40 am SW 7.8 7.8----29.87- 66.9 66.2 66.7---
2026-08-13 11:30 am SW 3.9 7.8----29.87- 66.9 66.2 66.7---
2026-08-13 11:20 am- 0.0 0.0 2.3 116.0 E29.86- 66.7 66.2 66.6---
2026-08-13 11:10 am- 0.0 0.0 2.3-6.0 E29.86- 66.6 66.2 66.4---
2026-08-13 11:00 am- 0.0 0.0----29.85-0.01 66.4 66.2 66.2---
2026-08-13 10:50 am- 0.0 0.0 2.3 126.0 E29.85- 66.4 66.2 66.2---
2026-08-13 10:40 am- 0.0 0.0----29.85- 66.4 66.0 66.2---
2026-08-13 10:30 am- 0.0 0.0----29.85- 66.6 66.0 66.2---
2026-08-13 10:20 am- 0.0 0.0 2.0 116.2 E29.84- 66.7 66.0 66.2---
2026-08-13 10:10 am- 0.0 0.0 2.0-6.2 E29.84- 66.7 66.0 66.2---
2026-08-13 10:00 am- 0.0 0.0----29.85+0.00 66.7 66.0 66.2---
2026-08-13 09:50 am- 0.0 0.0 2.0 115.8 E29.85- 66.7 66.0 66.4---
2026-08-13 09:40 am- 0.0 0.0----29.85- 66.7 66.0 66.4---
2026-08-13 09:30 am- 0.0 0.0----29.85- 66.7 66.2 66.4---
2026-08-13 09:20 am- 0.0 0.0 2.3 125.9 E29.86- 66.7 66.4 66.4---
2026-08-13 09:10 am- 0.0 0.0 2.3-5.9 E29.86- 66.6 66.4 66.2---
2026-08-13 09:00 am- 0.0 0.0----29.86+0.04 66.7 66.4 66.2---
2026-08-13 08:50 am- 0.0 0.0 2.3 136.0ESE29.86- 66.7 66.4 66.2---
2026-08-13 08:40 am- 0.0 0.0----29.86- 66.7 66.2 66.2---
2026-08-13 08:30 am W 1.9 3.9----29.86- 66.9 66.2 66.6---
2026-08-13 08:20 am W 3.9 3.9 2.3 75.8SSW29.86- 67.1 66.4 66.6---
2026-08-13 08:10 am W 3.9 5.8 2.3-5.8SSW29.86- 67.1 66.4 66.6---
2026-08-13 08:00 am W 5.8 7.8----29.86+0.05 67.1 66.4 66.6---
2026-08-13 07:50 am W 7.8 9.7 2.3 125.8ENE29.87- 67.1 66.2 66.6---
2026-08-13 07:40 am W 7.8 9.7----29.86- 67.1 66.2 66.6---
2026-08-13 07:30 amWNW 7.8 9.7----29.86- 67.1 66.6 66.7---
2026-08-13 07:20 am W 7.8 7.8 2.6 116.1ENE29.85- 67.1 66.7 66.9---
2026-08-13 07:10 am W 7.8 7.8 2.6-6.1ENE29.85- 67.3 66.6 67.1---
2026-08-13 07:00 am W 5.8 7.8----29.85+0.03 67.3 66.7 67.1---
2026-08-13 06:50 am W 7.8 7.8 2.6 115.9 E29.84- 67.5 67.1 67.1---
2026-08-13 06:40 am W 7.8 7.8 2.6-5.9 E29.84- 67.1 67.1 66.4---
2026-08-13 06:30 am W 5.8 7.8----29.84- 66.9 67.1 66.2---
2026-08-13 06:20 am W 5.8 7.8 3.0 66.0 SW29.84- 66.9 67.1 66.4---
2026-08-13 06:10 am W 5.8 5.8----29.83- 67.1 67.3 66.6---
2026-08-13 06:00 amWNW 5.8 5.8----29.83+0.00 67.1 67.3 66.4---
2026-08-13 05:50 amWNW 3.9 5.8 3.0 65.7 SW29.82- 67.1 67.1 66.6---
2026-08-13 05:40 am W 1.9 3.9----29.82- 66.9 66.9 66.2---
2026-08-13 05:30 am- 0.0 0.0----29.81- 66.9 66.7 66.2---
2026-08-13 05:20 am- 0.0 0.0 3.0 65.7 SW29.81- 66.9 66.7 66.4---
2026-08-13 05:10 am- 0.0 0.0----29.81- 66.9 66.6 66.2---
2026-08-13 05:00 am- 0.0 1.9----29.81-0.01 67.1 66.4 66.4---
2026-08-13 04:50 amWNW 3.9 3.9 2.6 65.5 SW29.82- 67.3 66.4 66.0---
2026-08-13 04:40 am- 0.0 1.9----29.82- 67.6 66.2 66.0---
2026-08-13 04:30 am- 0.0 0.0----29.82- 67.6 66.2 65.8---
2026-08-13 04:20 am- 0.0 0.0 2.6-5.5WSW29.82- 67.5 65.8 66.2---
2026-08-13 04:10 am--- 2.6 65.5WSW--------
2026-08-13 04:00 am- 0.0 0.0----29.82-0.01 66.9- 66.6---
2026-08-13 03:50 am- 0.0 0.0 2.6-5.4WSW29.82- 67.3 65.3 66.6---
2026-08-13 03:40 am--- 2.6 65.4WSW--------
2026-08-13 03:30 am- 0.0 0.0----29.82- 67.5 65.1 66.4---
2026-08-13 03:20 am- 0.0 0.0 2.3 55.2WSW29.83- 68.0 65.7 66.4---
2026-08-13 03:10 am- 0.0 0.0----29.83- 68.4 65.7 66.6---
2026-08-13 03:00 am- 0.0 0.0----29.83+0.00 68.2 65.7 66.7---
2026-08-13 02:50 am- 0.0 0.0 2.3 65.1WSW29.83- 67.8 65.5 66.9---
2026-08-13 02:40 am- 0.0 0.0----29.83- 67.6 65.7 66.7---
2026-08-13 02:30 am- 0.0 0.0----29.82- 67.5 65.7 66.6---
2026-08-13 02:20 am S 1.9 3.9 2.6 65.2WSW29.82- 67.5 65.7 66.6---
2026-08-13 02:10 amSSE 3.9 3.9 2.6-5.2WSW29.82- 67.5 65.7 66.6---
2026-08-13 02:00 amSSE 3.9 3.9----29.83+0.00 67.5 65.8 66.4---
2026-08-13 01:50 amSSE 3.9 5.8 2.3 65.1WSW29.83- 67.6 65.7 66.2---
2026-08-13 01:40 am SE 3.9 5.8----29.83- 67.8 65.7 66.0---
2026-08-13 01:30 amSSE 3.9 5.8----29.83- 67.8 65.7 65.8---
2026-08-13 01:20 amSSE 3.9 5.8 2.6 65.0 SW29.83- 68.0 65.3 65.7---
2026-08-13 01:10 amSSE 3.9 5.8 2.6-5.0 SW29.83- 67.8 65.5 65.7---
2026-08-13 01:00 am SE 3.9 5.8----29.83+0.00 67.6 65.5 65.5---
2026-08-13 12:50 am SE 3.9 3.9 2.6 65.2WSW29.83- 67.5 65.5 65.3---
2026-08-13 12:40 am SE 3.9 3.9----29.83- 67.1 65.5 65.5---
2026-08-13 12:30 am SE 3.9 3.9----29.83- 66.9 65.5 66.2---
2026-08-13 12:20 am SE 3.9 3.9 2.3 65.0WSW29.82- 66.9 65.5 66.7---
2026-08-13 12:10 am SE 3.9 3.9 2.3-5.0WSW29.82- 67.1 65.5 66.6---
2026-08-13 12:00 am SE 3.9 3.9----29.83+0.01 67.3 65.5 66.2---
2026-08-12 11:50 pm SE 3.9 3.9 2.6 65.1WSW29.82- 67.3 65.7 66.4---
2026-08-12 11:40 pm- 0.0 1.9 2.6-5.1WSW29.83- 66.9 65.3 66.2---
2026-08-12 11:30 pm- 0.0 1.9----29.83- 67.1 65.5 66.7---
2026-08-12 11:20 pm SE 1.9 1.9 2.6 65.1 SW29.83- 67.1 65.7 66.9---
2026-08-12 11:10 pm SE 1.9 3.9 2.6-5.1 SW29.82- 67.1 65.5 66.9---
2026-08-12 11:00 pmSSE 5.8 5.8----29.83+0.02 66.9 65.5 66.7---
2026-08-12 10:50 pm SE 3.9 5.8 2.3 65.0 SW29.82- 67.1 66.0 66.9---
2026-08-12 10:40 pm SE 3.9 5.8----29.82- 67.5 66.0 67.3---
2026-08-12 10:30 pmESE 3.9 3.9----29.82- 67.5 66.6 67.3---
2026-08-12 10:20 pm E 1.9 3.9 2.6 65.2WSW29.82- 67.6 66.2 67.5---
2026-08-12 10:10 pm E 1.9 3.9 2.6-5.2WSW29.82- 67.6 65.8 67.5---
2026-08-12 10:00 pm E 1.9 3.9----29.82+0.03 67.6 66.0 67.5---
2026-08-12 09:50 pmESE 3.9 3.9 2.6 65.2WSW29.82- 67.6 65.8 67.5---
2026-08-12 09:40 pmESE 3.9 3.9----29.81- 67.5 66.2 67.3---
2026-08-12 09:30 pmESE 3.9 3.9----29.81- 67.5 66.6 67.3---
2026-08-12 09:20 pm SE 3.9 5.8 2.3 65.4 SW29.81- 67.6 66.4 67.5---
2026-08-12 09:10 pmESE 3.9 3.9 2.3-5.4 SW29.81- 67.8 66.4 67.5---
2026-08-12 09:00 pm E 3.9 3.9----29.81+0.03 67.8 66.7 67.3---
2026-08-12 08:50 pm E 1.9 3.9 2.6 65.5 SW29.81- 68.0 67.1 67.5---
2026-08-12 08:40 pmENE 1.9 3.9----29.81- 68.0 67.3 67.6---
2026-08-12 08:20 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6 65.6 SW29.80- 68.2 67.3 67.8---
2026-08-12 08:10 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6-5.6 SW29.80- 68.5 67.8 68.2---
2026-08-12 08:00 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.80+0.02 68.7 68.4 68.0---
2026-08-12 07:50 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6 75.5 SW29.80- 68.9 67.5 68.2---
2026-08-12 07:40 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6-5.5 SW29.80- 68.9 67.5 68.2---
2026-08-12 07:30 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.79- 69.1 67.8 68.0---
2026-08-12 07:20 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6 65.7 SW29.78- 69.3 66.6 68.0---
2026-08-12 07:10 pm NE 1.9 3.9 2.6-5.7 SW29.79- 69.6 66.9 68.0---
2026-08-12 07:00 pmNNE 1.9 3.9----29.79-0.02 69.6 66.6 67.8---
2026-08-12 06:50 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6 65.7 SW29.79- 69.6 68.0 67.1---
2026-08-12 06:40 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.79- 69.6 66.9 66.9---
2026-08-12 06:30 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.79- 69.8 67.6 67.3---
2026-08-12 06:20 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6 65.8 SW29.79- 69.8 68.4 66.6---
2026-08-12 06:10 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6-5.8 SW29.78- 69.8 69.1 66.4---
2026-08-12 06:00 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.78-0.04 70.0 69.4 66.6---
2026-08-12 05:50 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6 65.6 SW29.78- 70.2 68.9 66.9---
2026-08-12 05:40 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6-5.6 SW29.78- 70.3 67.1 67.1---
2026-08-12 05:30 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.78- 70.2 67.1 67.3---
2026-08-12 05:20 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.3 65.4 SW29.79- 70.2 66.9 67.6---
2026-08-12 05:10 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.79- 70.2 66.7 67.6---
2026-08-12 05:00 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.79-0.04 69.6 66.6 67.5---
2026-08-12 04:50 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.6-5.7WSW29.79-- 66.7----
2026-08-12 04:40 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.80- 69.6 66.7 66.4---
2026-08-12 04:30 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.80- 69.4 66.2 67.3---
2026-08-12 04:20 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.3-5.4WSW29.80-- 66.4----
2026-08-12 04:10 pm- 0.0 0.0 2.3-5.4WSW29.80- 68.9- 67.6---
2026-08-12 04:00 pm- 0.0 0.0----29.81-0.01 68.9 66.4 67.6---
2026-08-12 03:50 pmWSW 1.9 1.9 2.3-5.3 SW29.81-- 64.9----
2026-08-12 03:40 pm--- 2.3 65.3 SW--------
2026-08-12 03:30 pm SW 3.9 3.9----29.82- 68.5 65.3 67.3---
2026-08-12 03:20 pm SW 3.9 3.9 2.3 65.1WSW29.82- 68.7 65.7 67.3---
2026-08-12 03:10 pm SW 3.9 3.9 2.3-5.1WSW29.82- 68.7 66.0 67.1---
2026-08-12 03:00 pmWSW 1.9 3.9----29.82+0.01 68.5 65.8 66.9---
2026-08-12 02:50 pm W 3.9 3.9 2.3 65.3 SW29.82- 68.4 66.2 67.1---
2026-08-12 02:40 pm W 1.9 3.9----29.83- 68.2 65.8 67.5---
2026-08-12 02:30 pmWNW 1.9 1.9----29.82- 68.0 65.7 67.5---
2026-08-12 02:20 pm W 1.9 3.9 2.3 65.0 SW29.82- 68.0 65.8 67.6---
2026-08-12 02:10 pmWSW 3.9 3.9 2.3-5.0 SW29.83- 67.8 65.8 67.5---
2026-08-12 02:00 pmWSW 3.9 3.9----29.82+0.02 67.6 65.7 67.3---
2026-08-12 01:50 pmWSW 1.9 3.9 2.3 65.0 SW29.83- 67.3 65.8 67.1---
2026-08-12 01:40 pm W 1.9 3.9 2.3-5.0 SW29.82- 67.3 65.5 67.1---
2026-08-12 01:30 pm W 3.9 3.9----29.82- 67.1 65.7 66.9---
2026-08-12 01:20 pmWSW 3.9 5.8 2.3 64.8 SW29.82- 66.9 66.0 66.7---
2026-08-12 01:10 pmWSW 3.9 5.8 2.3-4.8 SW29.82- 66.9 66.0 66.6---
2026-08-12 01:00 pm W 3.9 3.9----29.82+0.03 66.9 65.8 66.6---
2026-08-12 12:50 pmWSW 3.9 3.9 2.3 74.9SSW29.82- 66.9 65.5 66.6---

Wave Summary
for 44011 as of (12:10 pm ADT)
1510 GMT on 08/13/2026:

These wave data are displayed in rounded times.

     

Click on the graph icon in the table below to see a time series plot of the last five days of that observation.

5-day plot - Significant Wave Height Significant Wave Height (WVHT): 2.3 ft
5-day plot - Swell Height Swell Height (SwH): 2.3 ft
5-day plot - Swell Period Swell Period (SwP): 10.8 sec
5-day plot - Swell Direction Swell Direction (SwD): E
5-day plot - Wind Wave Height Wind Wave Height (WWH): 0.7 ft
5-day plot - Wind Wave Period Wind Wave Period (WWP): 3.6 sec
5-day plot - Wind Wave Direction Wind Wave Direction (WWD):SSW
5-day plot - Average Wave Period Average Wave Period (APD): 6.0 sec
Previous observations
TIME
(ADT)
5-day plot - Wave Height
WVHT
ft
5-day plot - Swell Height
SwH
ft
5-day plot - Swell Period
SwP
sec
5-day plot - Swell Direction
SwD
 
5-day plot - Wind Wave Height
WWH
ft
5-day plot - Wind Wave Period
WWP
sec
5-day plot - Wind Wave Direction
WWD
 
5-day plot - Wave Steepness
STEEPNESS
 
5-day plot - Average Wave Period
APD
sec
2026-08-13 11:40 am 2.3 2.3 10.8 E 0.7 3.8 SW N/A 6.3
2026-08-13 11:10 am 2.3 2.3 10.8 E 0.7 3.3 SW N/A 6.0
2026-08-13 10:40 am 2.3 2.0 12.1 E 0.7 3.7 SW N/A 6.0
2026-08-13 10:10 am 2.0 2.0 10.8 E 0.7 3.7 SW N/A 6.2
2026-08-13 09:40 am 2.0 2.0 11.4 E 0.7 3.3 SW N/A 5.8
2026-08-13 09:10 am 2.3 2.0 12.1 E 0.7 3.7 SW N/A 5.9
2026-08-13 08:40 am 2.3 2.3 12.9ESE 0.7 3.4 SW N/A 6.0
2026-08-13 08:10 am 2.3 2.3 6.7SSW 0.7 4.0 SSW N/A 5.8
2026-08-13 07:40 am 2.3 2.3 12.1ENE 0.7 3.7 SW N/A 5.8
2026-08-13 07:10 am 2.6 2.6 10.8ENE 0.7 3.7 SW N/A 6.1
2026-08-13 06:40 am 2.6 2.3 10.8 E 0.7 4.0 SW N/A 5.9
2026-08-13 06:10 am 3.0 2.6 6.2 SW 0.7 4.0 SW STEEP 6.0
2026-08-13 05:40 am 3.0 2.6 5.9 SW 0.7 3.8 WSW STEEP 5.7
2026-08-13 05:10 am 3.0 2.6 5.9 SW 0.7 3.2 WSW STEEP 5.7
2026-08-13 04:40 am 2.6 2.6 5.9 SW 1.0 3.4 W STEEP 5.5
2026-08-13 04:10 am 2.6 2.6 5.9WSW 0.7 3.8 W STEEP 5.5
2026-08-13 03:40 am 2.6 2.3 5.9WSW 1.0 3.8 W N/A 5.4
2026-08-13 03:10 am 2.3 2.3 5.3WSW 1.0 4.0 WSW N/A 5.2
2026-08-13 02:40 am 2.3 2.3 5.9WSW 1.0 4.0 WSW N/A 5.1
2026-08-13 02:10 am 2.6 2.3 5.6WSW 1.0 3.8 WSW N/A 5.2
2026-08-13 01:40 am 2.3 2.3 5.6WSW 1.0 3.6 SW N/A 5.1
2026-08-13 01:10 am 2.6 2.3 5.6 SW 1.0 3.7 WSW N/A 5.0
2026-08-13 12:40 am 2.6 2.3 5.6WSW 1.0 3.8 WSW N/A 5.2
2026-08-13 12:10 am 2.3 2.3 5.9WSW 1.0 4.0 SW N/A 5.0
2026-08-12 11:40 pm 2.6 2.3 5.6WSW 1.0 3.7 SW N/A 5.1
2026-08-12 11:10 pm 2.6 2.3 5.9 SW 1.0 3.6 WSW N/A 5.1
2026-08-12 10:40 pm 2.3 2.3 5.9 SW 1.0 3.7 WSW N/A 5.0
2026-08-12 10:10 pm 2.6 2.3 6.2WSW 1.0 3.8 WSW AVERAGE 5.2
2026-08-12 09:40 pm 2.6 2.3 5.9WSW 1.0 3.8 SW N/A 5.2
2026-08-12 09:10 pm 2.3 2.3 5.9 SW 0.7 4.0 SW N/A 5.4
2026-08-12 08:40 pm 2.6 2.3 6.2 SW 0.7 3.8 WSW N/A 5.5
2026-08-12 08:10 pm 2.6 2.6 6.2 SW 0.7 4.0 SW STEEP 5.6
2026-08-12 07:40 pm 2.6 2.6 6.7 SW 0.7 3.8 SSW AVERAGE 5.5
2026-08-12 07:10 pm 2.6 2.6 6.2 SW 0.7 4.0 SSW STEEP 5.7
2026-08-12 06:40 pm 2.6 2.6 5.9 SW 0.7 3.7 SW STEEP 5.7
2026-08-12 06:10 pm 2.6 2.6 6.2 SW 0.7 3.1 SW STEEP 5.8
2026-08-12 05:40 pm 2.6 2.3 5.9 SW 0.7 3.8 SW N/A 5.6
2026-08-12 05:10 pm 2.3 2.3 5.9 SW 0.7 3.4 W N/A 5.4
2026-08-12 04:40 pm 2.6 2.6 5.9WSW 0.7 4.0 WSW N/A 5.7
2026-08-12 04:10 pm 2.3 2.3 5.3WSW 0.7 3.7 W N/A 5.4
2026-08-12 03:40 pm 2.3 2.0 5.9 SW 0.7 3.6 W N/A 5.3
2026-08-12 03:10 pm 2.3 2.0 5.6WSW 0.7 4.0 WSW N/A 5.1
2026-08-12 02:40 pm 2.3 2.3 5.9 SW 0.7 3.8 WSW N/A 5.3
2026-08-12 02:10 pm 2.3 2.0 5.9 SW 0.7 3.6 WSW N/A 5.0
2026-08-12 01:40 pm 2.3 2.3 5.9 SW 0.7 3.7 WSW N/A 5.0
2026-08-12 01:10 pm 2.3 2.0 5.9 SW 1.0 3.8 WSW N/A 4.8

Plot icon Plot of wave energy versus frequency (and period)