Station 42060 - Caribbean Valley - 63 NM WSW of Montserrat Image indicating link to RSS feed of recent meteorological observations for station 42060


Conditions at 42060 as of
(1:30 am AST)
0530 GMT on 04/27/2024:
     

Click on the graph icon in the table below to see a time series plot of the last five days of that observation.

5-day plot - Wind Direction Wind Direction (WDIR): E ( 80 deg true )
5-day plot - Wind Speed Wind Speed (WSPD): 17.5 kts
5-day plot - Wind Gust Wind Gust (GST): 21.4 kts
5-day plot - Atmospheric Pressure Atmospheric Pressure (PRES):29.92 in
5-day plot - Air Temperature Air Temperature (ATMP): 78.8 °F
5-day plot - Water Temperature Water Temperature (WTMP): 83.1 °F
5-day plot - Dew Point Dew Point (DEWP): 75.7 °F
5-day plot - Heat Index Heat Index (HEAT): 82.6 °F
5-day plot - Wind Speed at 10 Meters Wind Speed at 10 meters (WSPD10M): 19.4 kts
5-day plot - Wind Speed at 20 Meters Wind Speed at 20 meters (WSPD20M): 21.4 kts
5-day plot -  Wind Speed, Wind Gust and Atmospheric Pressure Combined plot of Wind Speed, Gust, and Air Pressure
Supplemental Measurements
Highest 1-minute Wind Speed
Time (AST)5-day plot - 1-Minute Wind Speed WSPD 5-day plot - 1-Minute Wind Direction WDIR
1:25 am 19.4 kts-
Previous observations
TIME
(AST)
5-day plot - Wind Direction
WDIR
 
5-day plot - Wind Speed
WSPD
kts
5-day plot - Wind Gust
GST
kts
5-day plot - Wave Height
WVHT
ft
5-day plot - Dominant Wave Period
DPD
sec
5-day plot - Average Wave Period
APD
sec
5-day plot - Mean Wave Direction
MWD
 
5-day plot - Atmospheric Pressure
PRES
in
5-day plot - Pressure Tendency
PTDY
in
5-day plot - Air Temperature
ATMP
°F
5-day plot - Water Temperature
WTMP
°F
5-day plot - Dew Point
DEWP
°F
5-day plot - Salinity
SAL
psu
5-day plot - Visibility
VIS
nmi
5-day plot - Tide (above MLLW)
TIDE
ft
2024-04-27 01:20 am E 15.5 19.4 4.3 84.8 E29.92- 80.1 83.1 75.4---
2024-04-27 01:10 am E 15.5 17.5 4.3-4.8 E29.92- 80.4 83.1 75.2---
2024-04-27 01:00 am E 15.5 17.5----29.92-0.01 80.6 83.1 74.7---
2024-04-27 12:50 am E 11.7 19.4 4.3 74.8ENE29.92- 81.0 83.1 73.6---
2024-04-27 12:40 am E 9.7 13.6----29.92- 81.0 83.1 73.4---
2024-04-27 12:30 am E 13.6 17.5----29.92- 81.0 83.1 73.4---
2024-04-27 12:20 am E 13.6 17.5 4.9 54.7ENE29.92- 80.1 83.1 74.7---
2024-04-27 12:10 am E 13.6 17.5 4.9-4.7ENE29.93- 79.9 83.1 75.2---
2024-04-27 12:00 amENE 11.7 15.5----29.93+0.00 80.1 83.1 74.8---
2024-04-26 11:50 pmENE 13.6 17.5 4.6 54.5ENE29.93- 80.1 83.1 74.7---
2024-04-26 11:40 pmENE 19.4 21.4----29.93- 80.4 83.1 75.6---
2024-04-26 11:30 pmENE 17.5 21.4----29.93- 80.2 83.1 75.9---
2024-04-26 11:20 pmENE 17.5 21.4 4.3 54.4ENE29.93- 80.8 83.1 75.9---
2024-04-26 11:10 pm E 15.5 19.4 4.3-4.4ENE29.93- 81.1 83.1 75.6---
2024-04-26 11:00 pm E 15.5 19.4----29.93+0.01 81.0 83.1 75.6---
2024-04-26 10:50 pmENE 15.5 19.4 3.9 84.5ENE29.93- 80.8 83.3 75.7---
2024-04-26 10:40 pmENE 17.5 19.4----29.93- 80.8 83.3 75.2---
2024-04-26 10:30 pmENE 17.5 21.4----29.93- 80.8 83.3 75.6---
2024-04-26 10:20 pmENE 17.5 21.4 3.9 84.4ENE29.93- 80.8 83.3 75.6---
2024-04-26 10:10 pmENE 17.5 19.4 3.9-4.4ENE29.93- 81.1 83.3 75.9---
2024-04-26 10:00 pm E 15.5 19.4----29.93+0.02 81.1 83.3 76.3---
2024-04-26 09:50 pm E 15.5 19.4 3.6 84.5ENE29.92- 81.1 83.1 76.3---
2024-04-26 09:40 pm E 15.5 19.4----29.92- 81.0 83.1 76.8---
2024-04-26 09:30 pm E 15.5 17.5----29.93- 80.6 83.1 76.8---
2024-04-26 09:20 pmENE 15.5 19.4 3.6 74.6 E29.92- 80.8 83.1 77.2---
2024-04-26 09:10 pm E 13.6 17.5 3.6-4.6 E29.92- 81.1 83.3 77.5---
2024-04-26 09:00 pm E 13.6 17.5----29.93+0.03 81.3 83.3 77.7---
2024-04-26 08:50 pm E 13.6 17.5 3.3 84.8ENE29.92- 81.7 83.3 77.5---
2024-04-26 08:40 pm E 13.6 15.5----29.92- 82.2 83.3 76.3---
2024-04-26 08:30 pm E 11.7 13.6----29.92- 82.2 83.1 75.4---
2024-04-26 08:20 pm E 11.7 13.6 3.3 84.7 E29.92- 82.2 83.3 75.4---
2024-04-26 08:10 pm E 9.7 13.6----29.91- 82.0 83.3 75.2---
2024-04-26 08:00 pm E 11.7 13.6----29.91+0.04 82.0 83.3 75.9---
2024-04-26 07:50 pm E 11.7 13.6 3.3 84.8 E29.91- 81.9 83.3 75.9---
2024-04-26 07:40 pm E 11.7 13.6----29.91- 82.0 83.3 76.6---
2024-04-26 07:10 pm E 11.7 13.6 3.3-4.8 E29.90- 82.0 83.3 75.6---
2024-04-26 07:00 pm E 11.7 13.6----29.90+0.02 81.9 83.3 75.7---
2024-04-26 06:50 pm E 11.7 13.6 3.3 74.9 E29.90- 81.9 83.3 75.9---
2024-04-26 06:40 pm E 11.7 13.6 3.3-4.9 E29.90- 81.9 83.3 76.3---
2024-04-26 06:30 pm E 13.6 15.5----29.90- 82.0 83.3 77.0---
2024-04-26 06:20 pm E 11.7 15.5 3.3 85.0 E29.89- 82.6 83.3 76.5---
2024-04-26 06:10 pm E 9.7 13.6 3.3-5.0 E29.89- 82.8 83.3 75.2---
2024-04-26 06:00 pm E 7.8 11.7----29.89+0.00 82.6 83.5 75.0---
2024-04-26 05:50 pm E 7.8 9.7 3.0 65.0ESE29.89- 82.6 83.5 74.8---
2024-04-26 05:40 pm E 9.7 11.7----29.88- 82.4 83.5 75.2---
2024-04-26 05:30 pm E 9.7 11.7----29.88- 82.4 83.5 75.7---
2024-04-26 05:20 pm E 7.8 9.7 3.0 55.0ESE29.88- 82.6 83.7 75.4---
2024-04-26 05:10 pm E 7.8 9.7 3.0-5.0ESE29.88- 82.6 83.7 75.4---
2024-04-26 05:00 pm E 9.7 11.7----29.88-0.01 82.8 83.7 75.7---
2024-04-26 04:50 pm E 9.7 11.7 3.3 55.0 E29.88- 82.8 83.7 75.0---
2024-04-26 04:40 pm E 9.7 11.7----29.87- 83.1 83.7 75.0---
2024-04-26 04:30 pm E 7.8 11.7----29.87- 83.1 83.7 74.3---
2024-04-26 04:20 pm E 7.8 9.7 3.0 115.0 N29.87- 83.1 83.7 74.1---
2024-04-26 04:10 pm E 7.8 9.7 3.0-5.0 N29.87- 83.1 83.7 73.9---
2024-04-26 04:00 pm E 7.8 9.7----29.88-0.03 82.9 83.7 73.8---
2024-04-26 03:50 pm E 7.8 9.7 3.3 75.0 E29.88- 82.9 83.5 74.1---
2024-04-26 03:40 pm E 7.8 9.7 3.3-5.0 E29.88- 82.8 83.5 74.5---
2024-04-26 03:30 pm E 7.8 11.7----29.88- 82.8 83.5 74.7---
2024-04-26 03:20 pm E 9.7 11.7 3.3 75.2 E29.88- 82.6 83.5 74.3---
2024-04-26 03:10 pm E 7.8 9.7 3.3-5.2 E29.89- 82.6 83.5 74.7---
2024-04-26 03:00 pm E 9.7 11.7----29.89-0.04 82.6 83.5 74.3---
2024-04-26 02:50 pm E 9.7 11.7 3.3 74.7 E29.89- 82.6 83.5 74.3---
2024-04-26 02:40 pm E 9.7 11.7----29.89- 82.4 83.5 74.5---
2024-04-26 02:30 pm E 9.7 11.7----29.89- 82.4 83.5 74.8---
2024-04-26 02:20 pm E 9.7 11.7 3.3 84.7 E29.89- 82.4 83.5 75.0---
2024-04-26 02:10 pm E 11.7 11.7 3.3-4.7 E29.89- 82.2 83.5 75.2---
2024-04-26 02:00 pm E 9.7 13.6----29.89-0.05 82.6 83.5 75.4---
2024-04-26 01:50 pm E 11.7 13.6 3.3 64.7 SE29.89- 82.4 83.5 74.7---
2024-04-26 01:40 pm E 11.7 15.5----29.90- 82.4 83.5 74.5---
2024-04-26 01:30 pm E 11.7 13.6----29.90- 82.4 83.5 74.8---
2024-04-26 01:20 pm E 11.7 13.6 3.3 64.7 SE29.90- 82.4 83.3 74.5---
2024-04-26 01:10 pm E 11.7 13.6----29.91- 82.4 83.3 74.3---
2024-04-26 01:00 pm E 11.7 13.6----29.91-0.04 82.4 83.3 74.7---
2024-04-26 12:50 pm E 11.7 13.6 3.6 64.6ESE29.91- 82.6 83.3 75.0---
2024-04-26 12:40 pm E 11.7 13.6----29.92- 82.6 83.3 74.1---
2024-04-26 12:30 pm E 11.7 15.5----29.92- 82.4 83.3 74.1---
2024-04-26 12:20 pm E 11.7 13.6 3.6 64.6ESE29.92- 82.6 83.3 73.9---
2024-04-26 12:10 pm E 11.7 13.6 3.6-4.6ESE29.93- 82.8 83.5 73.8---
2024-04-26 12:00 pm E 11.7 15.5----29.93-0.01 82.6 83.5 73.9---
2024-04-26 11:50 am E 11.7 15.5 3.6 54.6ESE29.93- 82.8 83.5 73.8---
2024-04-26 11:40 am E 11.7 15.5----29.94- 82.8 83.5 73.8---
2024-04-26 11:30 am E 11.7 13.6----29.94- 82.8 83.3 73.8---
2024-04-26 11:20 am E 11.7 13.6 3.6 74.5 E29.94- 82.6 83.3 73.6---
2024-04-26 11:10 am E 11.7 13.6 3.6-4.5 E29.94- 82.6 83.3 73.9---
2024-04-26 11:00 am E 11.7 15.5----29.94+0.01 82.4 83.3 74.3---
2024-04-26 10:50 am E 13.6 15.5 3.6 74.7ESE29.94- 82.4 83.3 74.8---
2024-04-26 10:40 am E 11.7 15.5----29.94- 82.4 83.3 74.7---
2024-04-26 10:30 am E 13.6 15.5----29.94- 82.4 83.3 74.8---
2024-04-26 10:20 am E 11.7 15.5 3.6 64.6ESE29.94- 82.6 83.3 75.4---
2024-04-26 10:10 am E 11.7 13.6 3.6-4.6ESE29.95- 82.6 83.3 75.2---
2024-04-26 10:00 am E 11.7 13.6----29.95+0.03 82.6 83.3 74.7---
2024-04-26 09:50 am E 11.7 15.5 3.6 64.8 E29.95- 82.6 83.3 74.3---
2024-04-26 09:40 am E 11.7 15.5 3.6-4.8 E29.95- 82.6 83.3 74.7---
2024-04-26 09:30 am E 11.7 13.6----29.95- 82.4 83.1 74.8---
2024-04-26 09:20 am E 9.7 13.6 3.9 54.8 E29.95- 82.6 83.1 75.0---
2024-04-26 09:10 am E 11.7 15.5 3.9-4.8 E29.95- 82.4 83.1 73.9---
2024-04-26 09:00 am E 11.7 13.6----29.95+0.05 82.4 83.1 73.8---
2024-04-26 08:50 am E 11.7 13.6 3.9 54.8 E29.95- 82.4 83.1 73.9---
2024-04-26 08:40 am E 9.7 13.6 3.9-4.8 E29.95- 82.4 83.1 74.5---
2024-04-26 08:30 am E 9.7 13.6----29.95- 82.4 83.1 74.5---
2024-04-26 08:20 am E 11.7 13.6 3.9 54.8 E29.94- 82.4 83.1 73.9---
2024-04-26 08:10 am E 11.7 13.6 3.9-4.8 E29.94- 82.2 82.9 74.8---
2024-04-26 08:00 am E 11.7 13.6----29.93+0.06 82.0 82.9 74.8---
2024-04-26 07:50 am E 11.7 13.6 3.9 74.7 E29.93- 82.4 82.9 74.3---
2024-04-26 07:40 am E 11.7 15.5----29.93- 82.4 82.9 73.8---
2024-04-26 07:30 am E 11.7 15.5----29.93- 82.2 82.9 73.6---
2024-04-26 07:20 am E 11.7 15.5 4.3 54.7 E29.92- 82.2 82.9 74.5---
2024-04-26 07:10 am E 11.7 15.5 4.3-4.7 E29.92- 82.0 82.9 74.7---
2024-04-26 07:00 am E 13.6 15.5----29.91+0.05 82.2 82.9 74.1---
2024-04-26 06:50 am E 13.6 15.5 4.3 64.7ESE29.91- 82.2 82.9 73.6---
2024-04-26 06:40 am E 13.6 15.5----29.91- 82.0 82.9 73.6---
2024-04-26 06:30 am E 13.6 15.5----29.91- 82.0 82.9 73.9---
2024-04-26 06:20 am E 13.6 17.5 4.3 74.7ESE29.91- 81.9 82.9 74.1---
2024-04-26 06:10 am E 13.6 15.5 4.3-4.7ESE29.91- 81.9 82.9 74.3---
2024-04-26 06:00 am E 13.6 17.5----29.90+0.04 81.9 82.9 73.6---
2024-04-26 05:50 am E 13.6 17.5 4.3 64.6 E29.90- 81.9 82.9 73.8---
2024-04-26 05:40 am E 13.6 17.5----29.89- 81.7 82.9 74.1---
2024-04-26 05:30 am E 13.6 17.5----29.89- 81.9 82.9 74.7---
2024-04-26 05:20 am E 15.5 17.5 4.3 64.7 E29.88- 81.7 82.9 74.5---
2024-04-26 05:10 am E 15.5 19.4 4.3-4.7 E29.88- 81.7 82.9 74.7---
2024-04-26 05:00 am E 15.5 17.5----29.88+0.00 81.9 82.9 74.7---
2024-04-26 04:50 am E 15.5 17.5 4.3 54.5 E29.88- 81.9 82.9 74.1---
2024-04-26 04:40 am E 15.5 17.5 4.3-4.5 E29.88- 81.9 82.9 74.7---
2024-04-26 04:30 am E 15.5 17.5----29.88- 81.9 82.9 74.7---
2024-04-26 04:20 am E 13.6 19.4 4.6 74.8ESE29.87- 81.9 82.9 75.4---
2024-04-26 04:10 am E 15.5 17.5 4.6-4.8ESE29.87- 81.9 82.9 75.4---
2024-04-26 04:00 am E 15.5 17.5----29.87-0.04 81.9 82.9 74.5---
2024-04-26 03:50 am E 15.5 19.4 4.6 54.6 E29.87- 81.9 82.9 74.5---
2024-04-26 03:40 am E 15.5 19.4----29.87- 82.0 82.9 74.3---
2024-04-26 03:30 am E 15.5 19.4----29.87- 82.0 82.9 74.5---
2024-04-26 03:20 am E 17.5 21.4 4.6 64.6 E29.87- 81.9 82.9 75.0---
2024-04-26 03:10 am E 15.5 21.4 4.6-4.6 E29.87- 81.9 82.9 75.6---
2024-04-26 03:00 am E 17.5 21.4----29.87-0.06 81.9 82.9 75.7---
2024-04-26 02:50 am E 17.5 19.4 4.6 64.6 E29.87- 81.9 82.9 75.6---
2024-04-26 02:40 am E 15.5 19.4----29.87- 82.0 82.9 75.9---
2024-04-26 02:30 am E 15.5 19.4----29.88- 82.0 82.9 75.9---
2024-04-26 02:20 am E 15.5 17.5 4.6 64.7 E29.87- 82.0 82.9 75.4---
2024-04-26 02:10 am E 15.5 19.4 4.6-4.7 E29.88- 82.0 82.9 74.8---
2024-04-26 02:00 am E 15.5 19.4----29.88-0.06 82.0 83.1 75.0---
2024-04-26 01:50 am E 15.5 19.4 4.3 64.6 E29.89- 82.0 83.1 75.2---

Detailed Wave Summary
for 42060 as of (1:10 am AST)
0510 GMT on 04/27/2024:

These wave data are displayed in rounded times.

     

Click on the graph icon in the table below to see a time series plot of the last five days of that observation.

5-day plot - Significant Wave Height Significant Wave Height (WVHT): 4.3 ft
5-day plot - Swell Height Swell Height (SwH): 2.3 ft
5-day plot - Swell Period Swell Period (SwP): 7.7 sec
5-day plot - Swell Direction Swell Direction (SwD): E
5-day plot - Wind Wave Height Wind Wave Height (WWH): 3.6 ft
5-day plot - Wind Wave Period Wind Wave Period (WWP): 5.0 sec
5-day plot - Wind Wave Direction Wind Wave Direction (WWD): E
5-day plot - Wave Steepness Wave Steepness (STEEPNESS): AVERAGE
5-day plot - Average Wave Period Average Wave Period (APD): 4.8 sec
Previous observations
TIME
(AST)
5-day plot - Wave Height
WVHT
ft
5-day plot - Swell Height
SwH
ft
5-day plot - Swell Period
SwP
sec
5-day plot - Swell Direction
SwD
 
5-day plot - Wind Wave Height
WWH
ft
5-day plot - Wind Wave Period
WWP
sec
5-day plot - Wind Wave Direction
WWD
 
5-day plot - Wave Steepness
STEEPNESS
 
5-day plot - Average Wave Period
APD
sec
2024-04-27 12:40 am 4.3 3.3 7.1ENE 3.0 4.8 ENE STEEP 4.8
2024-04-27 12:10 am 4.9 2.6 7.7ENE 4.3 5.0 ENEVERY_STEEP 4.7
2024-04-26 11:40 pm 4.6 2.0 8.3ENE 4.3 5.3 ENEVERY_STEEP 4.5
2024-04-26 11:10 pm 4.3 2.0 7.7ENE 3.9 4.8 ENEVERY_STEEP 4.4
2024-04-26 10:40 pm 3.9 2.0 7.7ENE 3.3 4.5 ENE AVERAGE 4.5
2024-04-26 10:10 pm 3.9 2.0 8.3ENE 3.3 4.5 ENE AVERAGE 4.4
2024-04-26 09:40 pm 3.6 2.0 7.7ENE 3.3 4.8 ENE AVERAGE 4.5
2024-04-26 09:10 pm 3.6 2.0 7.1 E 3.0 5.0 E AVERAGE 4.6
2024-04-26 08:40 pm 3.3 2.0 7.7ENE 2.6 5.0 ESE AVERAGE 4.8
2024-04-26 08:10 pm 3.3 2.3 7.7 E 2.3 4.5 E AVERAGE 4.7
2024-04-26 07:40 pm 3.3 2.3 7.7 E 2.3 4.8 E AVERAGE 4.8
2024-04-26 07:10 pm 3.3 2.6 7.1 E 2.3 5.3 ESE AVERAGE 4.8
2024-04-26 06:40 pm 3.3 2.3 7.1 E 2.3 5.6 E AVERAGE 4.9
2024-04-26 06:10 pm 3.3 2.6 7.7 E 2.0 3.8 ESE AVERAGE 5.0
2024-04-26 05:40 pm 3.0 2.6 5.6ESE 1.3 4.0 E STEEP 5.0
2024-04-26 05:10 pm 3.0 3.0 5.3ESE 1.3 3.8 ESE STEEP 5.0
2024-04-26 04:40 pm 3.3 3.0 4.5 E 1.3 4.2 ESEVERY_STEEP 5.0
2024-04-26 04:10 pm 3.0 2.6 11.4 N 1.3 3.6 E SWELL 5.0
2024-04-26 03:40 pm 3.3 3.0 7.1 E 1.3 3.8 ESE AVERAGE 5.0
2024-04-26 03:10 pm 3.3 3.0 7.1 E 1.3 3.8 ESE AVERAGE 5.2
2024-04-26 02:40 pm 3.3 3.0 7.1 E 1.6 3.8 ESE AVERAGE 4.7
2024-04-26 02:10 pm 3.3 2.3 7.7 E 2.3 4.8 ESE AVERAGE 4.7
2024-04-26 01:40 pm 3.3 2.0 11.4NNE 2.6 5.6 SE STEEP 4.7
2024-04-26 01:10 pm 3.3 2.3 6.2 SE 2.3 4.5 E STEEP 4.7
2024-04-26 12:40 pm 3.6 2.3 5.9ESE 2.6 4.8 ESE STEEP 4.6
2024-04-26 12:10 pm 3.6 2.3 5.9ESE 2.6 4.5 ESE STEEP 4.6
2024-04-26 11:40 am 3.6 2.3 6.7 E 2.6 5.0 ESEVERY_STEEP 4.6
2024-04-26 11:10 am 3.6 2.3 7.1 E 3.0 4.5 ESE AVERAGE 4.5
2024-04-26 10:40 am 3.6 2.3 7.1ESE 3.0 4.8 E AVERAGE 4.7
2024-04-26 10:10 am 3.6 2.3 5.6ESE 2.6 4.8 E STEEP 4.6
2024-04-26 09:40 am 3.6 2.3 7.1 E 3.0 5.6 E STEEP 4.8
2024-04-26 09:10 am 3.9 2.3 12.1NNW 3.0 5.3 EVERY_STEEP 4.8
2024-04-26 08:40 am 3.9 3.0 5.3 E 2.6 4.8 EVERY_STEEP 4.8
2024-04-26 08:10 am 3.9 3.0 7.7 E 3.0 5.3 EVERY_STEEP 4.8
2024-04-26 07:40 am 3.9 2.3 7.1 E 3.0 5.3 E AVERAGE 4.7
2024-04-26 07:10 am 4.3 2.3 7.1 E 3.6 5.3 EVERY_STEEP 4.7
2024-04-26 06:40 am 4.3 2.3 7.7 E 3.6 5.9 ESE STEEP 4.7
2024-04-26 06:10 am 4.3 2.3 6.7ESE 3.6 5.6 E STEEP 4.7
2024-04-26 05:40 am 4.3 2.0 7.1 E 3.9 5.6 EVERY_STEEP 4.6
2024-04-26 05:10 am 4.3 1.6 11.4 N 3.9 5.6 EVERY_STEEP 4.7
2024-04-26 04:40 am 4.3 1.6 10.0 NE 3.9 5.3 EVERY_STEEP 4.5
2024-04-26 04:10 am 4.6 0.0-- 4.6 7.1 ESE STEEP 4.8
2024-04-26 03:40 am 4.6 1.6 7.7 E 4.3 5.3 EVERY_STEEP 4.6
2024-04-26 03:10 am 4.6 1.3 11.4ENE 4.6 5.6 EVERY_STEEP 4.6
2024-04-26 02:40 am 4.6 1.0 10.0 N 4.6 5.9 EVERY_STEEP 4.6
2024-04-26 02:10 am 4.6 1.0 9.1 NE 4.6 5.6 EVERY_STEEP 4.7

Plot of wave energy versus frequency (and period)